39. The (Almost) Definitive Camarasaurus, 1921
In
1902, the American Museum of Natural History had acquired Edward Cope's
collection of fossil reptiles. Cope's descriptions and nomenclature were
being generally eclipsed by the numerous and well-illustrated publications
of Othniel C. Marsh. To counter this trend, Henry F. Osborn and his
colleagues at the American Museum published a detailed study of one Cope
sauropod, Camarasaurus. Perhaps this dinosaur was chosen, not only
because there was abundant fossil material in the Cope Collection, but
because in consequence, Marsh's generic name of Morosaurus, which
he had used for the type, could be replaced by Cope's Camarasaurus,
which now had precedent.
This monograph has long been regarded by professionals as a landmark
memoir, To the non-specialist, it is also very impressive, not just
because of its sheer size (the pages are 36 x 27 cm.), but because of the
wealth and variety of its visual images. There are 127 illustrations in
the text and 26 plates, many of them folding. Most of the line 
drawings were done by Rudolph Weber; the shaded wash drawings were the
work of Erwin Christman, who also did the skeletal restorations. The
Christman paintings are incredibly fine; he must have been the most
skillful artist who ever worked on dinosaurs. The drawings at left are
some of the first to attempt to capture varying dinosaur expressions. The
figure reproduced above shows three photographs of a flat articulated
cardboard model of Camarasaurus, in three different poses. The
articulation allowed Christman to try out different stances before making
his final restoration. The model itself must have been quite impressive;
at 1/5 natural size, it would have been fully ten feet long.
For more Christman work for this monograph, click here.
Source:Osborn, Henry Fairfield; Mook, Charles Craig. "Camarasaurus, Amphicoelias, and other sauropods of Cope," in: Memoirs of the American Museum of Natural History, new series, vol. 3 (1921), pp. 247-387. This work is on display as exhibit item 39.
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